What is the effect of welding speed on bead width in GTAW?

A faster welding speed generally produces a narrower bead due to the reduced heat input into the material. In Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), the welding speed determines how long the arc affects a given area of the base metal. When the welding speed is increased, the arc spends less time on each spot, resulting in less thermal energy being sent into the area. This limited heat causes the molten metal to solidify more quickly and prevents excessive buildup, leading to a narrower bead.

Conversely, a slower welding speed allows more heat to penetrate the material, which can lead to a wider bead as the molten metal pools and spreads out before solidifying. Understanding the relationship between welding speed and bead width is crucial for achieving the desired weld appearance and strength in various applications.