What is the function of the shielding gas in an air cooled torch?

In Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), the shielding gas plays a crucial role in protecting the weld area and ensuring high-quality welds. The primary function of the shielding gas is to prevent contamination of the weld pool by creating a protective atmosphere around the arc and the molten metal.

While the choice of cooling is essential in a welding setup, the shielding gas specifically works to exclude atmospheric gases that can adversely react with the molten metal, leading to defects such as oxidation, porosity, and other forms of contamination.

In addition to its protective role, the correct shielding gas, like argon or helium, can also influence the arc characteristics, helping stabilize the arc and contribute to the smooth flow of the welding process. However, its primary purpose in the context of the air-cooled torch is to create a barrier against contamination, ensuring the integrity of the weld.

Understanding the importance of shielding gas helps welders make informed choices about their welding processes, contributing to better weld quality and fewer defects.